meats



(K0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

No. 379,484. Patented Mar. 13, 1888.

WITNEESES y I INVENTEIR fi W M N, PETERS. PMO-UIMWPMI. Wuhinglon. 0-C-(No Model.

7 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. T. MEATS. LOOM FOR WEAVING POGKETS, @20- No.379,484. Pagent ed Mar. 13,1888

WITNEEEEE lNVENTUR \7QZ pf 6 r N. FEE-HS Howl-Member. Wlihim D. C.

NETED TATES JOHN T. MEATS, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THEMASON MAGHIN E WORKS,

OF SAME PLACE.

LOOlVl FORWEAVING POCKETS, 8w.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Eaten: No. 379.484, dated March13, 1888.

Application filed March 16, 1887.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, JOHN T. MEATS, of Taunton, county of Bristol, andState of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Looms forWeaving Pockets, 8rd, of which the following description, in connectionwith the accompanying drawings,is a specificatiomlike letters on thedrawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the produc- [0 tion of a loom by whichto weave pocket fabric, substantially such as described in United StatesPatent No. 303,211, dated August .5, 188a. The loom to weave the fabricto be herein described has four, or, it may be, more, sets of harnesses,which at times, as when the fabric is being woven for the bottom of thepocket, bring all the warps together to form with the weft a solidfabric; but at other times, as when the body of the pocket is beingwoven, the threads of the warp are separated to form successive shedsfor the passage of the weft and the formation of a tubular fabric, andthen again the warps are so shed for the passage of the filling as toenable one edge of what would otherwise be the tubular fabric to be leftopen and provided with two selvage edges,one above the other, to thusform an opening for the side of the pocket.

Hitherto the difficulty and expense attend- 0 ant upon weaving fabric ofthe class referred to has been very great, because of the great lengthof pattern-chain necessary to be employed; but in my experiments Ihavedevised a system of cams containing grooves and pro- 5 vided with setsof switches, which have COlllbined with them switch-moving mechanismwhereby the switches may be changed or shifted automatically to enablethe sheds for the reception of the weft or filling to be changedaccording to the particular requirements of the fabric.

In accordance with myinvention each of the four harnessframes isactuated by its own special cam, all of the'cams being attached to ashedding-cam shaft rotated atone fourth the speed of the crank or layshaft, the cams for moving the second and third harness-frames from thefront of the loom being so arranged one with relation to the other as todepress the second-harness frame for three picks and lift it for onepick, the third cam acting reversely,

or lifting the third harness-frame for three picks and lowering it forone pick; or, in other words, the third cam mocks the second cam, thesaid second and third cams working in the same manner throughout.

To determine the character of the fabric as it progresses-that is, todetermine whether it shall be woven as a solid fabric for the bottom ofa pocket, or tubular, or as a partial tube open at one sideI depend uponthe first and fourth cams attached to the said shedding-cam shaft, thesaid cams controlling the first and fourth harness-frames, respectively,as will be described. The first and fourth cams, to enable them to be soused,are provided with sets of switches which are shifted at the desiredtimes to change the configuration of the campath in order to change theorder of lifting and raising the first and fourth harness-frames with 0relation to the second and third frames actuated always in the sameorder by their cams.

My invention consists, essentially, in, the combination, with changeablecams, harnessframes, and intermediate connections, of 7 5 means,substantially as will be described, by which to automatically effect thechanges in the said cams to effect changes in the character of thefabric.

Other features of my invention will be hereinafter described, andpointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 in front elevation represents a sufficient portion of a loomembodying my improvements to enable my invention to be un- 8 derstood.Figs. 2, 3, and 4 represent in detail and by different linesthecam-paths of the several cams employed, the pattern-scale be neaththe said figures representing the positions of the respectiveharness-frames,whether 0 up or down, for respectively the tubularportion of the pocket, the open portion, and the solid fabric for thebottom of the pocket. Fig.

5 shows a face view and three sections of the fabric to be produced onthe loom, to be de scribed. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 show, respectively, twoside views and a section of the pattern surface or wheel to determinethe order of the shifting of the switches. Fig. 9 is a righthand endelevation of Fig. 1; Fig. 10, an en rco larged view of the cams anddevices for moving the switches, detached from Fig. 9; Figs.

11 and 12, opposite side views of cam No. 1, for moving theharness-frame nearest the breast-beam, the full and dotted lines in Fig.

12 showing the switches in their different positions. Figs. 13 and 14are like views of cam N0. 4, for moving the fourth harness-frame. Figs.15 and 16 represent the cams No. 2 and N o. 3, for moving, respectively,the second and third harnessframes. Fig. 17 shows an outside view of theraceway co-operating with the switch-moving mechanism of cam No. 1 and aview in section on the line 00* of said outside view, and Fig. 18 is aninner side view of the raceway employed with the cam No. 4.

The loom-frame A, of suitable shape to sustain the working parts, hassuitable bearings for a crank or lay shaft, A, provided'with usual fastand loose pulleys, (shown at the left.

of Fig. 1,) and with a hand-wheel and a pinion, the latter beinginstrumental in operating the picking mechanism, (omitted from thedrawings.)

The crank-shaft has at its right-hand end, as herein shown, abevel-pinion, A (see Fig. 9,) which engages a bevel-gear, A of fourtimes itssize,secured to the sheddingcani shaft A*, the latter shaftrotating once while the crank or lay shaft rotates four times. The shaftA has secured to it four cams, (marked No. 1, No. 2, N0. 3, and No. 4,)all the said cams being shown separately in other figures.

The loom herein shown is supposed to contain four harness-frames, whichwill be designated as the first, second, third, and fourthharness-frames, the drawings, Fig. 1, showing clearly two of the saidframes, ff, which are of usual construction, the said harness-framesbeing connected, respectively, by usual cords or straps, 0 0 to theharness-levers a b c d, the first harness-frame, f, or the one nearestthe lay, being connected to the harnesslever a, and so on. Eachharness-lever has a back wardly or outwardly extended arm, (shown bydotted lines,) provided with a roller-stud to enter a cam-groove in thecam to actuate the said harness-lever, the said levers and studs beingcommon.

The lay B, pivoted at B and actuated by usual pitmen, B connected to itand to the crank-shaft A, has at its lower end a pawlcarryingprojection, B to which is pivoted a pawl, B, which, moved by the lay ateach backward beat, engages a ratchet-wheel, B loose on a stud, E thehub of the said ratchetwheel having a pinion, B which engages a gear, Bon a short shaft, B, having at its outer end a bevel gear, 13", which,by abevelgear, B", shaft B and bevel-gear B, engages a bevel-gear, G, onthe shaft of and rotates the lower take-up roll, 0 provided at its otherend with a pinion, 0 which engages (see Fig. 9) an intermediate, 0,(shown partiallyiu full and partially in dotted lines,) the saidintermediate engaging a pinion, -0 (Shown dotted in Fig. 9 and by fulllines, Fig. 6.) The pinion 0 (see Fig. 8) is fast to and forms part ofthe hub of the pattern-wheel G, the said hub being free to rotate on asleeve, 0, fixed to the frame-work by a bolt, 0 This bolt G has pinnedto the under side of its head a scroll-cam, D, the heel o of which islocated in just its correct operative position before the bolt is set upor tightened in place.

The pattern-wheel referred to, loose on the sleeve (1 and rotatedintermittingly through the action of the'gear described 00 operatingwith the take-up, has pivoted upon it, at D, a dog, D against which actsa spring, D", the spring normally acting to keep the inner end of thedog pressed against the scroll-cam D, and as the patternwheel is rotatedthe dog, bearing against the stationary scroll-cam, is moved to occupythe full and dotted line positions, Fig. 7.

The periphery of the pattern-wheel is of sufficient width to receiveagainst it the ends of the shorter arms of two like elbow-levers, h m,mounted on a stud, n, the rear ends of the said levers being connectedto rods h and m, each rod being acted upon by a suitable spring, as 72,m to normally keep the ends of the short arms of the said levers againstthe pattern-wheel. This pattern-wheel 0 through the said levers actuatesarms of rock-shafts held in the raceway-blocks, to be described.

The change of position of the switches to be described has to be veryquick in order to not' interfere. with the picking and shedding at highspeed, and to operate the levers h or m quickly when passing from theportion of the pattern-wheel of smallest diameter to the portion thereofof largest diameter I have provided the pattern-wheel with the dogreferred to.

In practice, when' the tubular part of the pocket is commenced, theshort arms of thelevers h at rest against the smaller diameter, 10, (seeFig. 7,) of the pattern-wheel 0 next the heel 0 the said leverscontinuing to bear against the smaller diameter of the patternwheel asthe latter is rotated until the tubular part of the pocket has beencompleted, at which time the end of the dog, it then occupying itsdotted line position, (see Fig. 7,) in the rotation of the patteruwheel,comes under the ends of the levers hand m. Immediately at this time theinner end of the dog slips off from the point 0 of the cam D into thefull-line position shown in Fig. 7, the dog in its movement quickly andinstantly moving the levers h m, so that their ends come immediately upto and upon the larger periphery,12,ofthe pattern-wheel O, and the levers are acted upon by the said larger portion of the patternwheel whilethat portion of the pocket is being woven which has one open side. Bythe time that the cutaway portion, as 0*, of the larger portion of thepattern wheel (see Figs. 6, 7, and 8) arrives opposite the end of thelever m the part of the pocket open at one side (see Fig. 5) iscompleted, and the end of the lever m drops off the said shoulder 0,which effects such a change in the shedding as to make a solid fabricfor the bottom of the pocket, and in the further rotation of thepattern'wheel the other lever, h, which actuates a switch-point. h", tobe described, which effects the change in cam No. 1, drops off from thelarger portion of the patternwheel, and tubular weaving is againresumed.

The rod h at a point below the spring h is extended through an arm, ha,of a rock-shaft, h, the said rock-shaft having an arm, h to which isjointed a rod,h connected to a crank, 71?, on a short rock-shaft, 7L8,having its bearings in the block h, havinga raceway, h the shaft h atits opposite end (see dotted lines, Fig. 17) having a switch-point, ash". it being shaped as the switch on in Fig. 18.

The switch-pointh" is pivoted at one end of the narrow raceway it, sothat when occupying the position shown in Fig. 1 a cam-lug, h preferablypointed at its leading end, (see Fig. 11,) connected to an arm ofasector-lever, h, will strike against the outer side of the switch-pointand cause the said cam-lug to travel along the outer side of, theraceway, the loom at such time acting to weave the tubular part of thepocket; but as soon as the part of the pattern-wheel of greatestdiameter acts through the devices described to shift the point of theswitch It into the dotted-line position shown in Fig. 17 then the saidcam-lug contacts with the inner side of the said switchpoint and travelsaiong the inner side of the raceway h".

Referring to Figs. 11 and 12, the full lines show the positions of thedevices attached to cam No. 1 when the tubular part of the pocket isbeing woven; and, referring especially to Fig. 12, it will be seen thatthe switches h L15 h h in their full-line positions show a cam groove ofpeculiar shape, in which travels the rollerstud of the harness-lever a.As soon as the switch-pointh is shifted, as described, through thepattern-wheel, the said switch-point acts to turn the sector-lever It inthe direction opposite to that of the arrow on it, Fig. 11. The saidsectorlever, through the partial gear h, a link, h a secondsector'lever, If, and a second partial gear, 71', turns the short shafts71? h if h, carrying, respectively, the switches h h t" It, turning theminstantly into the dotted-line posit-ions shown in Fig. 12. Assuming,now, that the switches occupy the dotted line position shown in Fig. 12,it will lorseen that the outline of the groove formed in the can] No. 1by the changed position of the switches is the same as when the switchesare in their full line position; but it will-be noticed that the highand low points of the cam-groove have been changed with relation to theshaft a-as if, for instance, the cam No. 1 had been turned quarter-roundon its shaft.

Then the loom is acting to weave the tubular part of the pocket, theswitches referred to are in the full line position shown in Fig. 12; butwhen the tubular part is to have one side open the switches are turnedto occupy the dotted-line position.

WVhen the tubular part of the pocket is being woven. the switches in122* m m of cam No. 4 occupy the fullline positions, Fig. 14; but whenthe tubular part is to be left open at one side the said cams areimmediately shifted to occupy their dotted-line positions. thus changingthe shape of the actuating cam-groove in cam No. 4. which cam-groove isentered by a rollerstud of the harness-lever d, which moves the fourthharness-frame from the front of the loom.

The change of position of the switches of both cams No. 1 and No. 4 iseffected simultaneously when passing from tubular weaving to a tube openat one side; but when the point of the short arm of the lever m fallsoff that part of the pattern-wheel G of greatest diameter the switchesof the cam No. 4 are shifted instantly from their dotted back to theirfull line positions shown in Fig. 14, and several picks are thereaftermade, enough to make a sufficient length of fabric to form the bottom ofthe pocket as a solid fabric before the switches in cam No. 1 arechanged back from their dotted into their full line positions shown inFig. 12 by the passage of the lever h from the greater to the lesserdiameter of the wheel 0.

The switches m m m m are connected, respectivel y, to short shafts m m min thesaid shafts at their opposite ends having attached to them,respectively, toothed sectors and gears, as m m m m. (See Fig. 13.) Onearm of the toothed sector at has a cam-lug, m which in the rotation ofthe cam No. 4

strikes against one or the other side of the switch-point m (see Fig.18) on ashort shaft, m supported in the race m, the frame of which isproperly bolted, through the slots on, to a bracket attached to theloom-side. The shaft on at its end farthest from the front of the loomhas attached to it a crank, m, to which is connected the link or rod m,which is attached to the end of the lever m. When the switch-point m isin the position shown in Fig. 18, the cam projeetionm (see Fig. 13) inthe rotation of cum No. 4 will strike on the righthand side of oroutside of the switchpoint on", (shown in the said Fig. 18,) and willtravel around on the outer side of the race at, holding the switches inthe position shown by full lines in Fig. 14; but when the switch-pointin" is thrown out to the right from the posi' tion shown in Fig. 18 thenthe cam lug orprojection m in the rotation of the cam No. 4 will strikethe inner side of the switch-point, and,following' along the same to theinner side of the race m,will cause the sector m, referred to, to beturned in the direction of the arrow on it in Fig. 13, thus throwing thepoint of the switch of from the full to the dotted line position shownin Fig. 14. During this movement of the sector m, as just described, itwill act to rotate the partial gear at, and by the link m will turn thesector in, its shaft, and attached switch-point m and the sector m ICOwill turn the partial gear m, the shaft on, and switch-point m",bringing them all into the dotted-line positions shown in Fig. let.

The cam No. 2 has a groove, t, the shape of which is best shown in Fig.15, the said camgroove receiving in it a roller or other stud projectingfrom an arm of the harness-lever I), connected to the secondharness-frame from the front.

The cam No. 3 has a groove, as t, (best shown in Fig. 16,) it receivingin it a rolleror other stud attached to an arm of the harnesslever 0,connected in usual manner with the third harness-frame from the front.

The two cams No. 2 and No. 3 occupy always the same position withrelation each to the other and the shaft moving them, and they operatethe second and third harness frames in exactly the same time and orderduring the entire weaving of each pocket.

I do not herein desire tolimit my invention to the exact shape of theharness-levers herein shown, and instead of the particular form ofleverrepresented, known as upright levers, I may employ any otherwell-known or usual form of harncsslevers which are connected withharness-frames, it only being necessary or essential that the leversused be provided with proper roller or other studs to be acted upon bythe grooves of the cams referred to.

I have shown the patteruwheel as deriving its movement from the devicesinstrumental in actuating the take-up, for thereby the pattern-wheel maybe driven with fewer devices than were it actuated from the crank-shaft,

and as the woven fabric has to be taken from the reed by the takeuprolls it has been found very convenient to employ the take-up rolls tomovethe pattern-wheel at the desired speed.

The surface speed of the pattern-wheel with relation to the surfacespeed of the take-up rolls may be varied by changing the gear 0 and therespective lengths of the tubular part of the pocket and of the tubularpart open at one side may be changed by making the arcs of thepattern-wheel longer or shorter with relation one to the other, thelength of the solid part of the fabric constituting the bottom beingdetermined by the distance between the shoulder 0 and the shoulder 0 InFig. 5, which represents a portion of a piece of fabric for theproduction of pockets, theletter w designates the bottom of the pocket,the portion 10 the tubular part of the pocket, and the portion w thetubular part open at one side, the tubular and open portions being wellillustrated by the sectional views in Fig. 5.

I do not broadly claim in a loom the employment of a cam having a singleswitch, as such has been used in the manufacture of bags; and I alsodesire it to be understood that I may employ more than fourharness-frames and harness-levers, according to thethickness which it isdesired that the pocket fabric shall have.

In the weaving of the pocket the figures above the horizontal lines inFigs. 2, 3, and at show the harness-frames that are elevated for certainpicks, and those below the said line the harnessframes that aredepressed for certain picks.

- I have herein shown certain specific devices for automaticallyactuating the several sets of switches carried by the cams No. 1 and No.4; but I do not desire to limit my invention to the exact form ofdevices represented for moving the said sets of switches, as instead Imay use any other welhknown or equivalent devices for moving the saidsets of switches in the time and order and for the purposes hereindescribed.

Referring to Fig. 9, the ends of the harnessframe are shown with thesecond harnessframe from the left elevated.

I claim 1. A series of harness-frames, a series of shedding-levers,intermediate connections between the shedding-levers and harnessframes,the shaft Aand means to rotate it, cams No. 2 and No. 3, secured to theshaft :1, and cams No. land No. 4, each having two or more sets ofswitches adapted to be swung about their pivots, and with means to swingthem about the said pivots to eifect a change of position of the groovein the said cams, as described, with relation to the cams No. 2 and No.3, but without changing the shape of the cams or their position on theshaft carrying them, substantially as described.

2. A seriesofharness-frames, a series ofshedding-levers, intermediateconnections between the shedding-levers and harnessframes, the shaft Aand means to rotate it, cams No. 2, No. 3, and No. 41., secured to theshaft A, cam N o. 4 having two or more sets of switches adapted to beswung about their pivots, and with means to swing the sets of switchesabout the said pivots, and cam No. 1, having four switches, h" h h h",combined with means, substantially as described, to operate the saidswitches automatically.

3. A harness-frame, a shedding-lever, an intermediate connection betweenthe sheddinglever and harness frame, the shaft A and means to rotate it,and cam No. 4, provided with four switches, m m m m", combined withmeans, substantially as described, to automatically operate the saidswitches in sets simultaneously to effect change in the weaving, as setforth.

at. The sheddingcam shaft A, the cams No. 2 and No. 3, attached thereto,the cams No. 1 and No. at, having each a series of switches, and means,substantially as described, to actuate the said switches, as set forth,combined with a series of harness-levers actuated by the said cams, anda series of harness-frames and connections between the saidharness-frames and harness-levers, substantially as described.

5. The shaft A, the cam No. 1, attached to it, the sector-lever h,provided with a cam, lug, or projection, combined with a switchpoint, ash, a raceway, as h, and with means to actuate the said switch-cam,substantially as described.

6. The raceway h, the switch-point h", the shaft h", its crank-arm h,andthe pattern-wheel, combined with a lever actuated by the saidpattern-wheel, and with intermediate devices between the said lever andthe said crank-arm 7L substantially as described.

7. The pattern wheel, the cam No. 4, having a switch, of, a sectorconnected to said switch and provided with a cam, lug, or projection, asm, a switch-point, m", shaft in, the crankarm on, and raceway m,combined with a levcr, m, actuated by the said pattern-wheel, and withdevices, substantially as described, intermediate the said lever and thesaid crankarm m to operate the switch-point m", as and for the purposeset forth.

8. The take-up roll 0 the pattern-wheel having portions of its peripheryof different radii to determine the length of the tubular portion of thepocket and of the tubular portion open at one side and cut away to formthe bottom of the pocket, gearing between the pattern-wheel and thetake-up roll, combined with the levers m and h, the blocks m and h, theraceways m and h on the said blocks, the

switch-points m" and h pivoted at one end of the raceways m and 71.respectively, and with intermediate mechanism, substantially asdescribed, to automatically operate the said switch-points to cause theouter or inner side of the said raceways to be operative, substantiallyas set forth.

9. The pattern-wheel having radii of different length to leave portions12, means to rotate the pattern-wheel, and a dog pivoted upon thepattern-wheel, combined with a cam and 'spring to operate the said dogas the pattern-wheel is rotated, substantially as described.

10. The pattern-wheel having radii of different length, as 10 12, a dogpivoted upon the pattern-wheel, and means to rotate the pattern-wheel,combined with a stationary cam, D, and a spring to operate the said dogas the wheel is rotated, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN T. MEATS.

Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, O. M. Conn.

